ANALISA KUAT TARIK DAN STRUKTUR MAKRO KOMPOSIT PLASTIK LDPE DAN PVC DENGAN SERAT KULIT JAGUNG

The analysis focused on the mechanical properties and macroscopic structure of composite materials made from Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) plastics with the addition of corn husk fiber as a natural reinforcement. The materials were combined in various composition variations with a molding process using different temperatures, namely 180, 190, and 200 degrees Celsius. Tensile tests were carried out to measure the strength, strain, and stiffness of the material, while macroscopic observations were carried out to determine the fracture surface structure of the specimens after testing. The results showed that the addition of corn husk fiber was able to significantly increase the tensile strength and stiffness of the material, especially in compositions with a balanced ratio of plastic and fiber. The highest tensile stress value was achieved by the composition with (40% PVC, 30% LDPE, and 30% corn fiber) with an average tensile strength of 522.6 N, a stress of 27.218 MPa. In contrast, specimens without fiber or with very low fiber content produced the lowest mechanical values. Macroscopic observations showed that even fiber distribution and minimal air voids played an important role in improving the quality of the composite. Overall, the use of corn husk fiber as a natural reinforcement shows great potential in creating strong, stiff, and environmentally friendly composite materials.
Keywords: Polyvinyl Chloride, Low-Density Polyethylene, Corn Husk Fiber, Tensile Strength, Macroscopic Structure.