SISTEM PEMBATAS PENGUNJUNG PASIEN PADA RUANG RAWAT INAP RUMAH SAKIT MENGGUNAKAN RFID BERBASIS IoT

The hospital inpatient area is a section that requires strict management, especially regarding patient visitors. Increase in the number of patient visitors to the hospital inpatient wards often gives rise to issues related to patient comfort, safety, and the effectiveness of care. Currently, visitor restrictions are still enforced manually by hospital staff. The manual system has proven ineffective: conventional methods are prone to human error and struggle to prevent quota violations. Proper visitor limits, however, can reduce the risk of nosocomial infections by up to 20%. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology offers a solution to these challenges. This research has the aim to design and implement a visitor-restriction system for inpatient rooms using RFID-based Internet of Things (IoT) technology to automatically and in real time monitor and limit patient visits. The system design consists of both hardware and software components. The hardware uses an ESP32 microcontroller as the central controller, an RFID RC522 module for visitor card identification, an infrared sensor for presence detection, and LCD for notifications. The software uses a website and a MySQL database for real-time monitoring. The system operates by verifying the visitor’s RFID card. If the card is registered and the room quota of 4 people has not been reached, access is granted. If access is denied, the system provides visual notifications on the LCD. The results show that the system successfully restricted visitors automatically with 98% accuracy, reduced crowding in inpatient rooms, consistently denied access when the visitor quota was full or when cards were unregistered, and automatically updated the visitor count on the admin website dashboard.