TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF TERHADAP LARANGAN KEKERASAN FISIK DI SEKOLAH

The widespread occurrence of physical violence in educational settings involving children fundamentally contradicts the essence of child protection and the objectives of national education development. This normative study examines the construction of legal norms prohibiting physical violence in schools from two main perspectives: Islamic law and the positive legal system in Indonesia. Using statutory and conceptual approaches, this study examines primary legal materials consisting of national regulations and sources of Islamic teachings. The analysis shows that Islamic law prohibits physical violence because it violates the principle of human dignity (karamah al-insaniyyah), the prohibition against causing harm (la darar wa la dirar), and the principle of caregiving that emphasizes gentleness (rifq). Meanwhile, positive law provides juridical guarantees for child protection through regulations concerning Child Protection and the National Education System. These two legal frameworks complement each other, with Islamic law serving as an ethical and religious foundation, while positive law provides legal certainty and formal mechanisms for sanctions.