STRATEGI MITIGASI TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG (TPPO) DALAM LINTAS NEGARA (STUDI KASUS: PENGAJUAN IDENTITAS GANDA OLEH KANTOR IMIGRASI KABUPATEN PONOROGO DAN ORGANISASI PEKERJA MIGRAN KABAR BUMI PONOROGO)

Human Trafficking (TPPO) is a form of transnational crime that continues to grow and has a serious impact on the protection system for Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI). In practice, TPPO often exploits weaknesses in the administrative system and minimal oversight, particularly through the use of unauthorized identities in the PMI placement process. A similar phenomenon was also found in Ponorogo Regency, an area with a high level of interest in working abroad, making it vulnerable to such practices. Based on these conditions, this study is directed at examining TPPO mitigation efforts in Ponorogo Regency by emphasizing the misuse of false identities, while also examining patterns of collaboration between involved actors through a Collaborative Governance approach. This study applies a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with government agencies and civil society organizations related to TPPO issues, supplemented by field observations and relevant document searches. All data were then analyzed to describe the roles of each party, the forms of interaction between institutions, and factors that support and hinder the implementation of TPPO mitigation at the regional level. TPPO mitigation efforts include document checks, safe migration campaigns, and victim assistance. However, these initiatives are still carried out independently without organized and long-term collaboration. The main challenges are weak supporting leadership, minimal coordination and communication, and the absence of specific guidelines. Conversely, digital technology and social media are effective for safe migration education because they reach a wide range of vulnerable groups. Based on Ansell and Gash's (2008) theory of collaborative governance, this study emphasizes the need for cross-sector collaboration starting from the recruitment of Indonesian migrant workers to establish regular dialogue, shared goals, and local commitment.