ABSTRACT
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOT CARE COMPLIANCE AND FOOT
HEALTH IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS USING THE
HEALTH BELIEF MODEL (HBM) THEORY
IN THE NAKULA WARDSHIP OF Dr. SOEDOMO TRENGGALEK
HOSPITAL
By: Wahyu Rahmawati
Faculty of Health Sciences, Muhammadiyah University of Ponorogo
Foot care compliance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients is still
relatively low, even though foot care is an important effort to prevent diabetic foot
complications. Low compliance can increase the risk of tissue damage, diabetic
ulcers, infections, and even amputation. This study aims to analyze the
relationship between foot care compliance and foot health in type 2 diabetes
mellitus patients using the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory.
This is a quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach
involving 53 respondents through a purposive sampling technique. Foot care
adherence was measured using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities
(SDSCA) questionnaire for the foot care domain, while foot health was assessed
using the Diabetic Foot Examination. Data analysis was performed using a Chi
Square test with a significance level of α = 0.05.
The results showed that 47.2% of respondents had adequate foot care
adherence, and 67.9% had healthy feet. The Chi-Square test showed a p-value of
0.002 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between foot care
adherence and foot health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Foot care adherence plays a crucial role in maintaining foot health
through routine and appropriate care practices. Improving adherence through
education based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) can be a strategy to prevent
diabetic foot complications and improve patients' quality of life.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Health Belief Model, foot care adherence,
foot health.