SISTEM PROTEKSI BEBAN BERLEBIH PADA MOTOR AC 1 FASA UNTUK PENCACAH RUMPUT

This study aims to design an overload protection system for the single-phase AC motor of a grass-chopping machine to prevent damage caused by rising electrical current and temperature during operation. The developed system utilizes an Arduino Uno microcontroller as the control unit, employing an ACS712 current sensor to detect current fluctuations and a DS18B20 temperature sensor to monitor the motor's temperature. The research methodology involved several stages: system design, device fabrication, circuit implementation, and performance testing under light, medium, and heavy load conditions. Testing was conducted to evaluate the system's ability to monitor motor parameters and trigger protective responses during abnormal conditions. The results demonstrate that the system achieved a maximum current measurement accuracy of 97.69% (with a 0.03 A deviation compared to the reference instrument) and a maximum temperature measurement accuracy of 99.11% (with a 0.4 °C deviation). The designed protection system automatically cuts off the power supply via a relay or contactor when the current exceeds the 1.4 A limit or the motor temperature reaches 55 °C. The findings indicate that the system functions as intended, effectively protecting the motor from overload and overheating, thereby enhancing the safety and operational reliability of the grass-chopping machine.