This study examines the effectiveness of the Security Squad (Rupam) in preventing security disturbances at the Class 1 Madiun Penitentiary. Using an empirical legal approach, this study analyzes the obstacles faced by officers, including limited personnel, infrastructure, and social challenges within the prison environment. The results indicate that, although security procedures have been implemented, their effectiveness is still hampered by various internal and external factors. Efforts to improve security effectiveness can be made by strengthening inter-agency coordination, optimizing monitoring technology, and improving officer competency through ongoing training. From a pragmatic realist legal theory perspective, the effectiveness of a security system depends not only on existing regulations but also on how these regulations are implemented in practice. Flexibility in decision-making based on real-world situations is a key factor in improving prison security. With synergy between regulations, technology, and an interpersonal approach, it is hoped that the security system at the Class 1 Madiun Penitentiary can operate more optimally and maintain stability and order within the correctional facility.

Keywords: Security Squad, Effectiveness, Security, Pragmatic Law
Realism.