Food security is a crucial issue in Java due to high
demographic pressure and limited land. This study aims
to analyze the effects of demographic factors on the
Food Security Index (FSI) in six provinces on the island
of
Java during the period 2020-2024, using a
quantitative approach with panel data regression and
the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) as the preferred
estimation model. The study uses secondary data
sourced from BPS and BAPANAS. The analysis shows
that population size and density have a significant
positive effect on FSI, indicating that areas with larger
populations tend to have better food distribution
systems, accessibility, and infrastructure. Conversely,
population growth has a significant negative effect on
the FSI because it can increase pressure on food
availability and access.