ANALISIS PERPADUAN SERBUK KAYU SENGON LAUT DAN SERAT DAUN NANAS DENGAN PENGUAT RESIN POLYESTER TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN IMPACT

ABSTRACT
Material science is advancing rapidly, particularly in industrial applications, with eco-friendly material innovations representing a significant breakthrough in manufacturing. Sengon wood Paraserianthes falcataria and pineapple plants Ananas comosus—both abundant in our surroundings—hold great potential for innovative material development. In this study, composite materials were fabricated using the hand lay-up technique, and testing was conducted in accordance with ASTM D 638-1 (tensile testing) and ASTM 6110 (impact testing) using a total of 15 specimens. Pineapple leaf fiber played a more dominant role in enhancing impact resistance; the highest impact strength was observed in specimens with a 40% pineapple leaf fiber volume fraction (0.089 J/mm²), whereas specimens containing 40% sengon wood powder yielded very low impact values (0.004 J/mm²). Pineapple leaf fiber also had a greater influence on increasing tensile strength. The highest tensile strength was achieved by specimens dominated by pineapple leaf fiber (40% fiber and 60% resin) at 53.630 MPa, while specimens dominated by sengon wood powder (40% powder and 60% resin) produced significantly lower tensile strength (22.407 MPa). Overall, composites with a composition dominated by pineapple leaf fiber demonstrated superior mechanical performance—in terms of both impact and tensile strength—compared to those dominated by sengon wood powder.

Keywords: Sea Sengon wood, pineapple fiber, composite, tensile test, impact test.