IMPLEMENTASI WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK UNTUK PENGENDALIAN TEMPERATURE PADA GREENHOUSE BUDIDAYA MELON TERINTEGRASI IOT

Greenhouses play a strategic role in modern horticulture because they are able to regulate the microclimate according to the physiological needs of plants. However, heat accumulation and suboptimal air circulation are obstacles, especially in melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivation which is sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity. This study implemented a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) with a star topology integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) to control micro parameters in a melon cultivation greenhouse. The system consists of four Arduino Nano-based sensor nodes and one Arduino Mega-based sink node that communicate through the NRF24L01+PA+LNA module. The sensors used include DHT22 (temperature and humidity), BH1750 (light intensity), and a capacitive sensor (soil moisture). Data is sent to the ESP32 gateway and displayed in real-time via the web. Control of fans, sprayers, and LED grow lights is automated using rule-based logic. Line of Sight (LOS) test results show a PDR of 100% up to a distance of 150 m and 93.5% at 200 m. Under Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) conditions, PDR was recorded at 100% at 2-4 m, 93% at 6 m, and 91% at 8 m, all above the 90% reliability threshold. The system was proven to reduce temperature by 23.3% and increase humidity by 55.4%, approaching the optimal plant growth range (25-30 °C, 70-80%).