Dementia is a syndrome of cognitive decline commonly experienced by the elderly due to the aging process, characterized by memory impairment that affects daily activities. If left untreated, memory impairment can reduce the elderly's quality of life and increase their dependency. One effective and safe non-pharmacological intervention to address this problem is Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST), which stimulates mental activity in a structured manner.
This study aims to implement Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) to reduce the nursing problem of Memory Impairment in elderly individuals with dementia at UPT PSTW Magetan.
The study employed a case study approach, utilizing the nursing process steps of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation, and documentation. The intervention was carried out over seven consecutive days through Cognitive Stimulation Therapy sessions combined with memory exercises. The SPMSQ and MMSE scales were used to measure cognitive status before and after the intervention.
Following a seven-day intervention and implementation period, an improvement in the elderly client's cognitive abilities was observed. Prior to the intervention, the client appeared confused and struggled to recognize faces and voices, recording an SPMSQ score of 6 correct and 4 incorrect, and an MMSE score of 18. After the intervention, the client was able to participate in activities independently and demonstrated improved time orientation, faster responses, and a more stable mood. Evaluation results showed the SPMSQ score improved to 8 correct and 2 incorrect, and the MMSE score rose to 23, indicating an improvement in cognitive function following the intervention.
Conclusion, Cognitive Stimulation Therapy proved effective in reducing the nursing problem of Memory Impairment in elderly individuals with dementia. This intervention can serve as a non-pharmacological alternative in gerontological nursing practice because it is practical, safe, and cost-effective.
Keywords: Elderly, dementia, memory impairment, Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST).